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Electrolysis
Intermediate
Current drives chemical changes.
m = ZItCurrent through an electrolyte moves ions to the electrodes, depositing or releasing substances. Used for plating and refining metals and making aluminium.
Copper plating.
Mass deposited ∝ charge passed.
In more detail
Electrolysis passes current through an electrolyte to drive chemical reactions. Positive ions move to the cathode and negative ions to the anode, where they gain or lose electrons.
Real-world uses
- Electroplating coats objects with metal by electrolysis.
- Aluminium is extracted from its ore using electrolysis.
- Industrial plants use electrolysis to produce aluminium and chlorine from their compounds.
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Frequently asked questions
What is an electrolyte?
A liquid or solution that conducts electricity through moving ions.
Why are electrodes important?
They provide the surface where chemical reactions happen.
What does electrolysis need?
An electrolyte that conducts ions, two electrodes and a source of current to drive the chemical change.
Related topics in Current Electricity & Circuits
Logic gates · Electrical safety · Household wiring · Faraday's laws of electrolysis · Thermoelectric effects · Batteries